Bayamo

Bayamo is the capital of Granma Province in Cuba, founded in 1513 as the second of seven cities established by Diego Velazquez de Cuellar and granted official city status in 1827. Its 2022 population was 236,826, with 169,209 in the urban area, and it thrived in the 16th and 17th centuries as an agricultural and trading centre, including contraband trade through nearby Manzanillo. Bayamo was a stronghold of Cuba's independence struggle during the Ten Years' War of 1868 to 1878, suffering heavy destruction, and is associated with independence leaders Carlos Manuel de Cespedes and Francisco Vicente Aguilera.