Borneo

Borneo is the third-largest island in the world, with an area of about 748,168 square kilometres, and lies at the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia, north of Java, west of Sulawesi and east of Sumatra. The equator crosses it and divides it roughly in half. Politically it is shared by three sovereign states: about 73 percent belongs to Indonesia, where the island is also called Kalimantan, about 26 percent forms the Malaysian states of Sabah and Sarawak, and Brunei occupies a small area on the northwestern coast. Its geology began forming in the Mesozoic, and it was once part of Sundaland, a region joined to mainland Asia, until sea level rise at the end of the Last Glacial Period isolated it. Its seven ecoregions include some of the oldest tropical rainforests in the world, rich in endemic species, and the island is home to hundreds of Indigenous communities and languages.