Mount Kenya National Park was established in 1949 around Mount Kenya to protect the mountain's environment and wildlife and to serve as a drainage basin for the region's water supply, covering about 715 square kilometers with most of its terrain above 3,000 meters. Volcanic soil and abundant meltwater from its slopes make the surrounding region especially favorable for agriculture, and the park is home to black-and-white colobus monkeys, Cape buffalo and elephant, managed with electrified fencing where the park borders populated farmland. Combined with the surrounding forest reserve, the site was designated a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in 1978 and a World Heritage Site in 1997, covering 1,420 square kilometers in total.
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