Macaronesia is the collective name for four volcanic archipelagos in the North Atlantic Ocean, the Azores and Madeira belonging to Portugal, the Canary Islands belonging to Spain, and Cape Verde as an independent nation, grouped together for their shared volcanic geology, subtropical climate and distinctive endemic flora and fauna. Though politically divided between Europe and Africa, the islands share ecological and biogeographic ties, including the laurel-forest ecosystems found nowhere else on Earth.
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