Taiwan

Taiwan is an island country in East Asia, at the northwestern edge of the Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China to the northwest, Japan to the northeast, and the Philippines to the south. Its capital is Taipei. The government now on Taiwan, the Republic of China (ROC), relocated there on 7 December 1949 after losing the Chinese Civil War; it has never issued a formal declaration of independence, and its sovereignty is disputed by the People's Republic of China, which claims Taiwan as its own territory. As of this entry's writing (source accessed 2026-08-29), Taiwan maintains official diplomatic relations with 11 of the 193 United Nations member states plus the Holy See, while most other states maintain only unofficial relations under a one-China policy.