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Somalia

Also Known As Federal Republic of Somalia
Eastern Africa

Somalia, officially the Federal Republic of Somalia, is the easternmost country in continental Africa. Stretching across the Horn of Africa, it borders Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the northwest, Kenya to the southwest, the Gulf of Aden to the north, and the Indian Ocean to the east. British Somaliland and the former Italian Somaliland each gained independence in 1960 and united to form the Somali Republic. Its capital is Mogadishu.

Facts
Capital
Mogadishu 2
Population
19,655,000 2
Rounded 2025 estimate; comprehensive census data is limited.
Population Estimate Year
2025 2
Area (sq km)
637,657 2
Independence or Founding Year
1960 2
British Somaliland gained independence from the United Kingdom on 26 June 1960 and the Trust Territory of Somaliland (formerly Italian Somaliland) followed on 1 July 1960, with the two uniting the same day to form the Somali Republic.
Landlocked
No 3
Income Group
Low 4
Government Type
Republic 3
Classification
Sovereignty Status
UN Member State 1
Somalia

Cities

FAQs

What languages are spoken in Somalia?

Somali is the official language and Arabic is recognised as a second language.

Somali is the official and national language of Somalia, and Arabic is recognised as a second language.
Connections

Adjacent To

Somaliland, Countries

Somaliland is bordered by Somalia to the east, and is internationally recognised as part of Somalia.

Source Somaliland (Wikipedia)

Associated With

Mogadishu, Cities
Source Mogadishu (Wikipedia)

Bordered By Water

Ethiopia, Countries
Source CIA World Factbook (factbook.json archive): The World Factbook archive: Ethiopia

Has Capital

Mogadishu, Cities

Mogadishu is the capital of Somalia.

Source Mogadishu (Wikipedia)

Rivers Through Territory

In the Other Atlases

Nationals Include

Also in Law Atlas: a national of this subject.

Also in Medicine Atlas: a national of this subject.

Source Safia Abdi Haase (Wikipedia)Lead sentence
Quote, Lead sentence
born 1959) is a Somali graduate nurse

Also in Political Atlas: a national of this subject.

Source Hassan Sheikh Mohamud (Wikipedia)Lead
Quote, Lead
Hassan Sheikh Mohamud (Somali: Xasan Sheekh Maxamuud; Arabic: حسن شيخ محمود, romanized: Ḥasan Shaykh Muḥamūd; born 29 November 1955) is a Somali politician who is serving as president of Somalia since 2022, his presidency being disputed since 2026.

Also in Sport and Games Atlas: a national of this subject.

Origin Of

Also in Agriculture and Farming Atlas: which originated in this subject.

Source Boran cattle (Wikipedia)Infobox: country
Quote, Infobox: country
Kenya, Ethiopia, and Somalia

Also in Architecture and Design Atlas: which originated in this subject.

Also in Food and Drink Atlas: which originated in this subject.

Source Maraq (dish) - Wikipedia

Also in Literature Atlas: which originated in this subject.

Also in Society and Culture Atlas: which originated in this subject.

Source Wikipedia: SomaliLeadtier 3
Quote, Lead
Somalis or Somali people, are a Cushitic ethnic group and nation native to the Somali Peninsula.

Also in Society and Culture Atlas: which originated in this subject.

Site Of

Also in Divinity Atlas: which is located in this subject.

Also in Economics Atlas: which is located in this subject.

Found There

Also in Earth and Environment Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Wikidata: Jubba Valley

Also in Language Atlas: found in this subject.

Also in Language Atlas: found in this subject.

Also in Language Atlas: found in this subject.

Also in Language Atlas: found in this subject.

Also in Law Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Somalia 2012 Constitution, national court structure, Constitute ProjectArticle 108, national court structure of the Federal Republic of Somalia
Quote, Article 108, national court structure of the Federal Republic of Somalia
The highest court at the Federal Government level shall be the Federal High Court, whilst the highest court at the Federal Member State level shall be the Federal Member State High Court.

Also in Law Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Constitution of Somalia (Wikipedia)

Also in Law Atlas: found in this subject.

Also in Law Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Xeer (Wikipedia)Lead paragraph
Quote, Lead paragraph
is the traditional legal system used by Somalis in Djibouti, Somalia, Somaliland, Somali Region of Ethiopia, and the North Eastern Province in Kenya.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Abyssinian genet (Wikipedia)Lead
Quote, Lead
The Abyssinian genet (Genetta abyssinica), also known as the Ethiopian genet, is a genet species native to Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, Sudan, and Djibouti.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Acacia rat (Wikipedia)Lead, range
Quote, Lead, range
It is found in Botswana, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Somalia, South Africa, Eswatini, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source African goshawk (Wikipedia)Distribution, Somalia
Quote, Distribution, Somalia
From the Western Cape of South Africa north to the southern Democratic Republic of Congo and through east Africa, Somalia to southern Ethiopia, including the islands of Mafia, Unguja (Zanzibar) and Pemba.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source African long-fingered bat (Mammal Diversity Database)Species page, Country distribution, where it lives (3)
Quote, Species page, Country distribution, where it lives (3)
Kenya · Somalia · Tanzania?

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Mammal Diversity Database: Triaenops afer (Mammal Diversity Database)Country distribution
Quote, Country distribution
Country distribution Angola · Central African Republic · Democratic Republic of the Congo · Djibouti · Ethiopia · Kenya · Malawi · Mozambique · Republic of the Congo · Somalia · Tanzania · Uganda · Zambia · Zimbabwe · Gabon?

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source African wild ass (Wikipedia)Lead, living or extinct
Quote, Lead, living or extinct
They live in the deserts and other arid areas of the Horn of Africa, in Eritrea, Ethiopia and Somalia.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Ammodile (Wikipedia)Lead, range
Quote, Lead, range
It is found in Ethiopia and Somalia.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Beira (antelope) (Wikipedia)Distribution
Quote, Distribution
The beira is endemic to northeast Africa, it occurs in the far south of Djibouti southwards across Somaliland and northern Somalia, and into extreme northeastern Ethiopia.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Black-tailed gerbil (Wikipedia)Lead, range
Quote, Lead, range
is a species of rodent found in Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, and Tanzania.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Brockman's rock mouse (Wikipedia)Range sentence
Quote, Range sentence
It is found in Central African Republic, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Brown greater galago (Wikipedia)Distribution and habitat
Quote, Distribution and habitat
The largest populations are found in Angola, Tanzania, Rwanda, southern Kenya and the coast of Somalia.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Bushpig (Wikipedia)Distribution
Quote, Distribution
occurs from Ethiopia and Somalia in the north to southeastern DR Congo and southwards through the Cape and KwaZulu-Natal Provinces, South Africa

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Common genet (Wikipedia)Distribution and habitat, where it lives (2)
Quote, Distribution and habitat, where it lives (2)
In North Africa, the common genet occurs along the western Mediterranean coast, and in a broad band from Senegal and Mauritania in the west throughout the savannah zone south of the Sahara to Somalia and Tanzania in the east.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Delicate mouse (Wikipedia)Lead, range
Quote, Lead, range
It is found in Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, and possibly Eritrea.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Desert warthog (Wikipedia)Distribution and habitat
Quote, Distribution and habitat
Its current range extends from southeastern Ethiopia through western Somalia to eastern and central Kenya.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Dibatag (Wikipedia)Lead, living or extinct
Quote, Lead, living or extinct
The dibatag (Ammodorcas clarkei), or Clarke's gazelle, is a medium-sized slender antelope native to Ethiopia and Somalia.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Dunn's gerbil (Wikipedia)Distribution, where it lives
Quote, Distribution, where it lives
Its range includes Eritrea, Djibouti, eastern Ethiopia and northern Somalia.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source East African oryx (Wikipedia)Lead, system
Quote, Lead, system
It has two subspecies: the common beisa oryx (Oryx beisa beisa) found in steppe and semidesert throughout the Horn of Africa Somalia and north of the Tana River, and the fringe-eared oryx (Oryx beisa callotis) south of the Tana River in southern Kenya Somalia and parts of Tanzania.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Egyptian mouse-tailed bat (Wikipedia)Range and habitat, Somalia
Quote, Range and habitat, Somalia
Its range includes several countries and regions in North Africa and the Middle East: Algeria, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Israel, Jordan, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, Western Sahara, and Yemen.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Ethiopian dwarf mongoose (Wikipedia)Lead
Quote, Lead
native to East Africa, particularly Ethiopia, Kenya, and Somalia

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Fringe-tailed gerbil (Wikipedia)Range
Quote, Range
The fringe-tailed gerbil (Gerbilliscus robustus) is a species of rodent found in Central African Republic, Chad, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Niger, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, possibly Cameroon, and possibly Nigeria.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Garra andruzzii (Wikipedia)Lead
Quote, Lead
Garra andruzzii, a species of cyprinid fish, formerly the only species of the genus Phreatichthys, and is endemic to Somalia.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Günther's dik-dik (Wikipedia)Distribution and habitat, where it lives
Quote, Distribution and habitat, where it lives
The species is found in the lowlands of Ethiopia, most of the northern and eastern regions of Kenya, Somalia excluding specific regions of the coast, limited regions of southeastern Sudan, and northeastern Uganda.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Mammal Diversity Database: Taphozous hamiltoni - Mammal Diversity DatabaseCountry distribution, Somalia
Quote, Country distribution, Somalia
Country distribution Chad · Kenya · Somalia · South Sudan · Sudan · Tanzania · Uganda

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Harrington's gerbil (Wikipedia)Range
Quote, Range
Harrington's gerbil or Harrington's tateril (Taterillus harringtoni) is a species of rodent found in the Central African Republic, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Helicidae - WikipediaDistribution: Somalia
Quote, Distribution: Somalia
Levantina extends far south in western Arabia, and Eremina desertella is distributed as south as Sudan, Eritrea and Puntland in Somalia.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Hirola (Wikipedia)Lead
Quote, Lead
The hirola (Beatragus hunteri), also called Hunter's hartebeest or Hunter's antelope, is a critically endangered antelope species found as of now, only in Kenya along the border of Somalia.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Kemp's spiny mouse (Wikipedia)Lead, range
Quote, Lead, range
It is found in Kenya, Somalia, and Tanzania.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Klipspringer (Wikipedia)Habitat and distribution, where it lives
Quote, Habitat and distribution, where it lives
The antelope occurs in significant numbers across eastern and southern Africa; its range extends from northeastern Sudan, Eritrea, northern Somalia and Ethiopia in the east to South Africa in the south, and along coastal Angola and Namibia.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Least gerbil (Wikipedia)Lead, range
Quote, Lead, range
It is native to Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, and Tanzania

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Lesser mouse-tailed bat (Wikipedia)Distribution, Somalia
Quote, Distribution, Somalia
Africa : Algeria, Burkina Faso, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Nigeria, Somalia, Sudan and Tunisia.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Louise's spiny mouse (Wikipedia)Lead, range in somalia
Quote, Lead, range in somalia
It is found in Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, and Somalia.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Macinnes's mouse-tailed bat (Wikipedia)Lead, Somalia
Quote, Lead, Somalia
It is found in Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, and Uganda.

Showing 1 to 50 of 84 in Found There, page 1 of 2.

Sources
1. Member States of the United Nations (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationIntroduction
Quote, Introduction
The United Nations comprise 193 sovereign states and the world's largest intergovernmental organization.
View the Source
2. Somalia (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia Foundation
  • Infobox
    Federal Republic of Somalia
  • Infobox, capital
    Mogadishu
  • Article text
    With a land area of 637,657 square kilometres, Somalia's terrain consists mainly of plateaus, plains and highlands.
  • Demographics section, 2025
    19,655,000 (2025 estimate)
  • Article text
    In the late 19th century, the Somali sultanates were colonised by the Italian and British empires, who merged these tribal territories into two colonies: Italian Somaliland and British Somaliland. In 1960, the two territories united to form the independent Somali Republic under a civilian government.
  • Introduction
    Somalia, officially the Federal Republic of Somalia, is the easternmost country in continental Africa. Stretching across the Horn of Africa, it borders Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the northwest, Kenya to the southwest, the Gulf of Aden to the north, and the Indian Ocean to the east.
View the Source
3. CIA World Factbook (factbook.json archive): The World Factbook archive: Somalia
CIA World Factbook (factbook.json archive)
  • Geography, Coastline
    3,025 km
  • Government, Government type
    federal parliamentary republic
View the Source
4. World Bank Open Data: World Bank Open Data, country list with income level
World Bank Open DataCountry record SOM, incomeLevel
Quote, Country record SOM, incomeLevel
"name": "Somalia, Fed. Rep.", "region": { "id": "SSF", "iso2code": "ZG", "value": "Sub-Saharan Africa " }, "adminregion": { "id": "SSA", "iso2code": "ZF", "value": "Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income)" }, "incomeLevel": { "id": "LIC", "iso2code": "XM", "value": "Low income" }
View the Source
Wikidata: Somalia
Wikidata Q1045, class allow-list match (w-wdresolver-0926)View the Source
Mogadishu (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia Foundation
  • Associated With: Mogadishu, Infobox, Country
    Somalia
  • Has Capital: Mogadishu, Lead section, capital fact
    Mogadishu, locally known as Xamar or Hamar, is the capital and most populous city of Somalia.
View the Source
Somaliland (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationAdjacent To: Somaliland, Lead section
Quote, Adjacent To: Somaliland, Lead section
bordered by Djibouti to the northwest, Ethiopia to the south and west, and Somalia to the east.
View the Source
CIA World Factbook (factbook.json archive): The World Factbook archive: Ethiopia
CIA World Factbook (factbook.json archive)Bordered By Water: Ethiopia, Geography, Land boundaries, border countries
Quote, Bordered By Water: Ethiopia, Geography, Land boundaries, border countries
Somalia 1,640 km
View the Source

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