A continent occupying the western fifth of the Eurasian landmass, bounded by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south, with its eastern edge conventionally drawn along the Ural Mountains. Its coastline is unusually long relative to its area, deeply indented by peninsulas and inland seas, which has shaped a dense pattern of port cities along nearly every stretch of its perimeter. This description is adapted from Wikipedia contributors under CC BY-SA 4.0; changes were made. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Facts
Area (sq km)Wikipedia infobox marks this figure circa (c. 10,186,000 km2). Population2021 estimate, Wikipedia infobox (3rd most populous continent). Lowest PointCaspian Sea shore, Russia 2 Country CountRanges from roughly 44 to 50 sovereign states depending on treatment of transcontinental states (Russia, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Georgia) and states with limited recognition; 44 counts fully sovereign, widely recognised states with their primary territory in Europe. Tectonic Plate Context Disputed
Highest PointMount Elbrus (conventional answer, in the Caucasus) or Mont Blanc (if the Caucasus is excluded from Europe) 4 Elbrus (5,642 m) is the standard answer under the conventional Europe/Asia boundary running through the Caucasus watershed; Mont Blanc (4,807 m), the highest peak of the Alps, is cited instead whenever the Caucasus itself is treated as outside Europe. Both are real, sourced answers to the same question, not an error in either source. Highest Elevation (m)5,642 m for Elbrus under the conventional Caucasus-inclusive boundary; 4,807 m for Mont Blanc when the Caucasus is excluded from Europe. See the highest-point fact's own StatusNote. Europe
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Associated With
This source names Europe directly: "Asia is conventionally divided from Europe along the Ural Mountains and the Caucasus, a boundary drawn by convention rather than by any single physical barrier."
Source Encyclopaedia Britannica
This source names Europe directly: "routes linking China, Persia, and Europe."
Source Encyclopaedia Britannica
Source Regions of Europe (Wikipedia)
Source Regions of Europe (Wikipedia)
Source Regions of Europe (Wikipedia)
Source Regions of Europe (Wikipedia)
Source Europe (Wikipedia)
Source Europe (Wikipedia)
Source Europe (Wikipedia)
This source names Europe directly: "the meeting point of Asia, Africa and Europe."
Source Encyclopaedia Britannica
Source Regions of Europe (Wikipedia)
In the Other Atlases
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- Also in Architecture and Design Atlas: Beaux-Arts Architecture, is where this subject originated.
- Also in Architecture and Design Atlas: Carolingian Architecture, is where this subject originated.
- Also in Architecture and Design Atlas: Deconstructivism, is where this subject originated.
- Also in Architecture and Design Atlas: International Style, is where this subject originated.
- Also in Architecture and Design Atlas: Modernist Architecture, is where this subject originated.
- Also in Architecture and Design Atlas: Romanesque Architecture, is where this subject originated.
- Also in Arts and Music Atlas: Art Deco, is where this subject originated.
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- Also in Crime and Justice Atlas: Europol, part of this there.
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- Also in Crime and Justice Atlas: Identity Cleansing, found there there.
- Also in Crime and Justice Atlas: Identity Theft, found there there.
- Also in Crime and Justice Atlas: Illegal Dumping, found there there.
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- Also in Crime and Justice Atlas: Infanticide, found there there.
- Also in Crime and Justice Atlas: Insurance Fraud, found there there.
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- Also in Crime and Justice Atlas: Kidnapping, found there there.
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- Also in Crime and Justice Atlas: Lese-Majeste, found there there.
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- Also in Divinity Atlas: Belgium Adriaenssens Commission Report, found there there.
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- Also in Divinity Atlas: CIASE / Sauve Report, found there there.
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- Also in Divinity Atlas: Ferns Report, found there there.
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- Also in Divinity Atlas: INIRR and CRR: France's Post-CIASE Catholic Reparation Bodies, found there there.
- Also in Divinity Atlas: Italian Bishops' Conference First National Report on Clergy Abuse, found there there.
- Also in Divinity Atlas: Klasnic Commission (Austria), found there there.
- Also in Divinity Atlas: Lake Nemi, found there there.
- Also in Divinity Atlas: McAleese Report, found there there.
- Also in Divinity Atlas: Mediterranean Sea, found there there.
- Also in Divinity Atlas: MHG Study, found there there.
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- Also in Divinity Atlas: Ryan Report, found there there.
- Also in Divinity Atlas: Sea of Japan, found there there.
- Also in Divinity Atlas: Swiss Catholic Church Abuse Pilot Study, found there there.
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- Also in Divinity Atlas: The Diet of Augsburg, the location of this there.
- Also in Divinity Atlas: The First Assembly of the World Council of Churches, the location of this there.
- Also in Divinity Atlas: University of Munster Study on Abuse in the Diocese of Munster, found there there.
- Also in Divinity Atlas: Westpfahl Spilker Wastl Report on Abuse in the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising, found there there.
- Also in Earth and Environment Atlas: Gulf Stream, found there there.
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- Also in Food and Drink Atlas: Asparagus, is where this subject originated.
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- Also in Food and Drink Atlas: German Cuisine, is where this subject originated.
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- Also in Food and Drink Atlas: Hungarian Cuisine, is where this subject originated.
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- Also in Food and Drink Atlas: Oatmeal, is where this subject originated.
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- Also in Food and Drink Atlas: Rakia, is where this subject originated.
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- Also in Food and Drink Atlas: Shashlik, is where this subject originated.
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- Also in Food and Drink Atlas: Sorrel soup, is where this subject originated.
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- Also in Health and Wellness Atlas: COVID-19 Vaccination in the United Kingdom, found there there.
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- Also in Health and Wellness Atlas: France Programme National Nutrition Sante, found there there.
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- Also in Health and Wellness Atlas: Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, found there there.
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- Also in Health and Wellness Atlas: Switzerland Compulsory Health Insurance (LAMal), found there there.
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- Also in Health and Wellness Atlas: White Ribbon Alliance, found there there.
- Also in Health and Wellness Atlas: WHO Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases 2013-2020, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: Abbot Suger, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Abel Tasman, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Adolf Hitler, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Algerian War of Independence, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Alice Milliat, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: American Revolutionary War, the location of this there.
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- Also in History Atlas: Anti-Comintern Pact, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Este, is where this subject originated.
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- Also in History Atlas: Balfour Declaration, is where this subject originated.
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- Also in History Atlas: Battle of Marathon, the location of this there.
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- Also in History Atlas: Battle of the Somme, the location of this there.
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- Also in History Atlas: Berlin Conference, the location of this there.
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- Also in History Atlas: Christopher Columbus, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Classical Antiquity, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: Constantius II, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: David Ben-Gurion, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Diocletian, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Edict of Nantes, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Eighty Years' War, the location of this there.
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- Also in History Atlas: Ernest Shackleton, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: European Coal and Steel Community, part of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Eusebi Guell, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Expedition of the Thousand, the location of this there.
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- Also in History Atlas: Franco-Prussian War, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: French East India Company, part of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: French Wars of Religion, the location of this there.
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- Also in History Atlas: Fritz Tugendhat, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Fyodor Dostoevsky, is where this subject originated.
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- Also in History Atlas: Great Famine (Ireland), the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Greco-Persian Wars, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Greek War of Independence, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Greta Tugendhat, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Hadrian, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Hanseatic League, part of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Harald Hardrada, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Henry Dunant, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Holodomor, the location of this there.
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- Also in History Atlas: IG Farben, part of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Indo-European Migrations, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: International Committee of the Red Cross, part of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Irish Rebellion of 1641, the location of this there.
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- Also in History Atlas: Jacques Cartier, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Johann Ludwig Burckhardt, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Justin I, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Justinian I, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Karl Schelenz, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Knights Hospitaller, part of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Knights Templar, part of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Konrad Adenauer, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Kronstadt rebellion, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Krupp, part of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: League of Nations, part of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Leif Erikson, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Leo Tolstoy, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Locarno Treaties, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Louisiana Purchase, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Ludwig I of Bavaria, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Maastricht Treaty, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Magellan Expedition, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Manchu Conquest of China, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Martin Luther King Jr., is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Meyer Guggenheim, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Miguel de Cervantes, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Ninety-five Theses, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: North Atlantic Treaty Organization, part of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Order of Alcantara, part of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Order of Calatrava, part of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Order of Christ, part of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Order of Santiago, part of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, part of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Outer Space Treaty, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Peace of Augsburg, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Peace of Westphalia, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Peloponnesian War, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Pierre de Coubertin, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Portuguese Discovery of the Sea Route to India, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Portuguese Restoration War, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Potsdam Declaration, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Prehistory, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: Pytheas, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Repeal of the Corn Laws, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Roald Amundsen, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Rome Statute, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Russian Revolution, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Samuel Bronfman, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Schengen Agreement, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Siege of Vienna (1529), the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Society of Jesus, part of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Spanish Civil War, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Spartacus, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Statute of Kalisz, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Swedish East India Company, part of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Teutonic Order, part of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Age of Discovery, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Age of Revolution, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Ancient Near East and Bronze Age World, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Belle Epoque, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Black Death, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Carolingian Period, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Chalcolithic Period, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Cold War, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Communist Manifesto, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: The Crusades, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Early Modern Period, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Edwardian Era, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Enlightenment, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Fall of the Berlin Wall, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Fall of the Western Roman Empire, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: The French Revolution, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Fugger Banking and Merchant House, part of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Great Moravian Period, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Hellenistic Period, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The High Middle Ages, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Hundred Years' War, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Industrial Revolution, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Interwar Period, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Iron Age, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Late Modern Period, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Merovingian Period, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Mesolithic Period, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Migration Period, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Mongol Conquests, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Napoleonic Era, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Napoleonic Wars, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Neolithic Period, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Ottonian Period, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Paleolithic Period, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Pax Romana, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Post-Classical and Medieval Period, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Printing Revolution, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Punic Wars, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Reformation, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Regency Era, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Renaissance, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Safavid Period, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Scientific Revolution, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Victorian Era, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Viking Age, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The Weimar Republic Era, found there there.
- Also in History Atlas: The World Wars, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Theodosius I, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Thirty Years War, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Trajan, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Treaty of Amiens, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Treaty of Chaumont, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Treaty of Ghent, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Treaty of Karlowitz, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Treaty of London (1915), is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Treaty of Paris (1763), is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Treaty of Paris (1783), is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Treaty of Paris (1856), is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Treaty of Rome, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919), is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Treaty of Tordesillas, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Treaty of Utrecht, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Treaty of Versailles, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Tripartite Pact, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Unification of Germany, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Universal Declaration of Human Rights, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Valentinian I, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: Victor Hugo, is where this subject originated.
- Also in History Atlas: War of the Austrian Succession, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: War of the Third Coalition, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Wars of the Three Kingdoms, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Warsaw Pact, part of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: Weimar Republic Hyperinflation, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: World Health Organization, part of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: World War I, the location of this there.
- Also in History Atlas: World War II, the location of this there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Albanian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Albanian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Ancient Greek, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Ancient Macedonian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Andalusian Spanish, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Andic languages, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Anglic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Anglo-Frisian languages, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Aquitanian language, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Armenian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Atlantic (Semitic) languages, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Austrian German, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Austrian Sign Language, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Baltic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Balto-Slavic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: BANZSL, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Basque, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Basque, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Bavarian German, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Belarusian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Belgian French, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: British Sign Language family, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Bulgarian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Bulgarian Sign Language, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Calabrian Dialects, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Camunic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Canaanite, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Canarian Spanish, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Catalan, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Celtiberian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Celtic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Central German, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Coast Salish languages, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Common Turkic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Continental Celtic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Croatian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Czech, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Czech Sign Language, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Dacian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Dagestanian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Danish, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Dutch, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Dutch Sign Language, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: East Baltic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: East Germanic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: East Papuan languages, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: East Slavic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Eastern Romance, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Elbe Germanic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Emilian-Romagnol, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: English, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Eskimo-Aleut, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Estonian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Etruscan, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: European Portuguese, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Evenki, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Ewenic languages, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Faroese, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Finnic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Finnish, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Finno-Permic languages, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Finno-Samic languages, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Finno-Ugric languages, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Finno-Volgaic languages, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Flemish, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Franconian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: French, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: French Sign Language family, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Frisian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Gallo-Italic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Gallo-Romance, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Georgian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: German, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: German Sign Language family, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Germanic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Goidelic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Greek, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Greek Sign Language, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Greenlandic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Hellenic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Hiberno-English, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: High German, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Hungarian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Hungarian Sign Language, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Icelandic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Illyrian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Indo-European, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Indo-Iranian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Insular Celtic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: International Sign, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Irish, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Irish Sign Language, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Italian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Italian Sign Language, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Italo-Celtic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Italo-Dalmatian languages, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Italo-Western, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Javanese, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Kamchatkan languages, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Kartvelian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Kipchak, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Kuot, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Langues d'oil, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Latin, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Latino-Faliscan, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Latvian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Lechitic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Lepontic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Ligurian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Ligurian (ancient language), found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Lithuanian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Lombard, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Low Franconian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Low German, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Lusitanian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Luxembourgish, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Macedonian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Maltese, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Messapic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Moldova Sign Language, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Mongolian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Mongolic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Mordvinic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Nakh, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Nanaic languages, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Neapolitan, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Neo-Aramaic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: North Germanic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Northeast Caucasian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Northwest Caucasian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Northwest Germanic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Norwegian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Norwegian Sign Language, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Ob-Ugric, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Occitano-Romance, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Oghuz, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Old Church Slavonic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Old English, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Old Norse, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Oscan, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Osco-Umbrian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Paleo-European languages, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Para-Romani, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Permic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Piedmontese, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Polish, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Polish Sign Language, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Pomoan, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Portuguese, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Portuguese Sign Language, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Pre-Indo-European, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Proto-Indo-European, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Pumpokolic languages, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Rhaeto-Romance, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Romance, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Romani, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Romanian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Romanian Sign Language, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Russian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Sami, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Samoyedic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Scanian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Scottish Gaelic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Scythian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Semitic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Serbian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Sicilian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Slavic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Slovak, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Slovenian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Southern American English, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Spanish, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Spanish Sign Language, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Swedish, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Swedish Sign Language family, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Swiss French, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Swiss German, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Tartessian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Thracian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Timucua, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Turkish, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Turkmen, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Tuscan Dialect, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Ukrainian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Ukrainian Sign Language, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Uralic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Vasconic languages, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Venetian, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Venetic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Welsh, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: West Baltic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: West Central German, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: West Frisian languages, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: West Germanic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: West Slavic, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Western Romance, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Yuchi, found there there.
- Also in Language Atlas: Yukaghir, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Canon Law, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Civil Law, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU), part of this there.
- Also in Law Atlas: European Court of Human Rights, part of this there.
- Also in Law Atlas: French Legal System, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: German Legal System, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: International Court of Justice, part of this there.
- Also in Law Atlas: International Criminal Court, part of this there.
- Also in Law Atlas: International Military Tribunal (Nuremberg), part of this there.
- Also in Law Atlas: International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, part of this there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Irish Law, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of Albania, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of Andorra, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of Belarus, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of Belgium, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of Bosnia and Herzegovina, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of Croatia, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of Estonia, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of Finland, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of Georgia (country), found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of Iceland, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of Italy, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of Lithuania, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of Luxembourg, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of Malta, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of Montenegro, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of North Macedonia, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of Norway, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of Poland, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of Portugal, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of Russia, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of Serbia, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of Slovakia, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of Spain, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of Sweden, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of Switzerland, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of the Netherlands, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of the Soviet Union, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of the United Kingdom, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Law of Ukraine, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Nordic Law, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Permanent Court of Arbitration, part of this there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Scots Law, found there there.
- Also in Law Atlas: Tribunal of the Roman Rota, part of this there.
- Also in Literature Atlas: Absurdist Fiction, is where this subject originated.
- Also in Literature Atlas: Christian Drama, is where this subject originated.
- Also in Literature Atlas: Coming-of-Age Story, is where this subject originated.
- Also in Literature Atlas: Commedia dell'arte, is where this subject originated.
- Also in Literature Atlas: Documentary Theatre, is where this subject originated.
- Also in Literature Atlas: Dream Vision, is where this subject originated.
- Also in Literature Atlas: Facetia, is where this subject originated.
- Also in Literature Atlas: Fairy Tale, is where this subject originated.
- Also in Literature Atlas: Fool's Literature, is where this subject originated.
- Also in Literature Atlas: Mystery Play, is where this subject originated.
- Also in Literature Atlas: Psychological Fiction, is where this subject originated.
- Also in Literature Atlas: Purim Spiel, is where this subject originated.
- Also in Literature Atlas: Short Fiction, is where this subject originated.
- Also in Literature Atlas: Spy Fiction, is where this subject originated.
- Also in Literature Atlas: The Ballad, is where this subject originated.
- Also in Literature Atlas: The Found Poem, is where this subject originated.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Agamidae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Anacardiaceae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Andrias scheuchzeri, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Argynnis, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Artemisia maritima, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Avena, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Bellis, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Bleeding Tooth Fungus (Hydnellum peckii), found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Boidae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Bovidae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Bucerotiformes, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Cabbage White, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Calendula, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Carabidae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Cettiidae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Chamaeleonidae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Chrysanthemum, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Cisticolidae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Colias erate, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Common Carp, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Common Dandelion, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Common Foxglove (Digitalis purpurea), found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Common Rough Woodlouse, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Coronella, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Cricetidae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Cuon, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Cyprinus, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Danaus Plexippus, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Diatomyidae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Eastern Oyster, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Elfin Saddle (Helvella crispa), found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Epidalea, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Euclidia triquetra, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: European Cave Spider, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: European Garden Spider, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Felis, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Gaviiformes, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Girgensohn's Bogmoss, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Gliridae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Glycyrrhiza, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Goldenrod Crab Spider, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Great Pond Snail, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Great White Shark, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Heath, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Helichrysum arenarium, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Hemidactylus, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Herpestidae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Heterobranchus, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Hyla, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Lacertidae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Lathyrus, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Lesser black-backed gull, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Linyphia triangularis, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Lolium, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Macaca, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Melanargia lachesis, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Meropidae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Monarch Butterfly, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Muscicapidae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Nitidulidae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Oreochromis, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Painted Lady, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Peacock Butterfly, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Peppermint (Mentha piperita), found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Philodromus margaritatus, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Phyllodactylidae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Phytophthora Ramorum, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Pieris brassicae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Pieris rapae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Porcellio dilatatus, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Porcellio scaber, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Prunellidae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Red Admiral, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Red Bog-moss, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Rhinolophidae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Rhynchogale, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Salamandridae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Salmo, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Salmoniformes, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Serinus, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Slender Mouse-tail Moss, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Snapdragon, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Spalacidae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Spermophilus, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Speyeria, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Sphaerodactylidae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Sturnidae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Sus, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Tinca, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Tincidae, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Tricholoma terreum, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Trifolium, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Verbena, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Volborthella, found there there.
- Also in Nature Atlas: Zamenis, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Absurdism, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Academic Skepticism, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Anarchism, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Continental Philosophy, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Cynicism, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Deontology, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Existentialism, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Frankfurt School, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: German Idealism, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Islamic Peripateticism, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Kantianism, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Logical Positivism, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Marxism, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Natural Law Theory, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Negritude, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Peripatetic School, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Phenomenology, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Postmodernism, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Process Philosophy, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Pyrrhonism, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Pythagoreanism, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Rationalism, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Scholasticism, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Social Contract Theory, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Sophism, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Structuralism, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Thomism, found there there.
- Also in Philosophy Atlas: Virtue Ethics, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Alpine Skiing, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Archery, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Artistic Swimming, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Athletics, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Baccarat, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Battleship, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Bezique, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Bingo, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Blackjack, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Canoeing, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Carcassonne, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Catan, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Charades, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Chinese Checkers, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Cluedo, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Cycling, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Dominoes, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Dots and Boxes, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Draughts, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Equestrian, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Fencing, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Field Hockey, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Figure Skating, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Gaelic Football, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Go Fish, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Gymnastics, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Handball, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Hearts, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Hex, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Horse Racing, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Hurling, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Jenga, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Mikado, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Nordic Skiing, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Piquet, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Poker, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Powerlifting, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Risk, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Rock Climbing, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Rowing, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Sailing, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Shooting, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Skat, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Ski Jumping, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Speed Skating, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Stratego, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Strongman, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Tafl Games, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Tarot Card Games, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Tennis, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Weightlifting, found there there.
- Also in Sport and Games Atlas: Wrestling, found there there.
Sources
1. Europe (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia Foundationinfobox, political divisions summary
Sovereign (44-50)
Introduction, continent overview
Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.
Lead paragraph, first sentence
Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.
Lead paragraph, area sentence
Europe covers approximately 10,186,000 square kilometres (3,933,000 sq mi)
Infobox, Population (2021 estimate)
745,173,774 (2021; 3rd)
Associated With: The Arctic Ocean, Opening section, bordering waters
It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east.
Associated With: The Atlantic Ocean, Opening section, bordering waters
It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east.
Associated With: The Mediterranean Sea, Opening section, bordering waters
It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east.
View the Source 2. Extreme Points of Europe (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationLowest point entryQuote, Lowest point entry
Caspian Sea shore, Russia (28 metres; 92 feet below sea level)
View the Source 3. Asia (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationDefinition section, plate description (Europe clause)Quote, Definition section, plate description (Europe clause)
Almost all of Europe and a major part of Asia sit atop the Eurasian Plate, adjoined on the south by the Arabian and Indian Plate and with the easternmost part of Siberia (east of the Chersky Range) on the North American Plate.
View the Source 4. Mount Elbrus (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia Foundationopening paragraph, summit status
Mount Elbrus is the highest mountain in Russia and Europe. It is a dormant stratovolcano rising 5,642 m (18,510 ft) above sea level.
Home To: Mount Elbrus, Lead section
Mount Elbrus is the highest mountain in Russia and Europe.
View the Source Encyclopaedia Britannica
Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.britannica.com/place/Europe, main article body (opening characterization paragraph, "anomaly among the continents")
Among the continents, Europe is an anomaly. Larger only than Australia, it is a small appendage of Eurasia. Yet the peninsular and insular western extremity of the continent, thrusting toward the North Atlantic Ocean, provides-thanks to its latitude and its physical geography-a relatively genial human habitat, and the long processes of human history came to mark off the region as the home of a distinctive civilization. In spite of its internal diversity, Europe has thus functioned, from the time it first emerged in the human consciousness, as a world apart, concentrating-to borrow a phrase from Christopher Marlowe, “infinite riches in a little room.”
- Home To: The Mediterranean Sea
- Home To: Rome
- Home To: Istanbul
- Home To: Florence
- Home To: Vienna
- Home To: Milan
- Home To: Eastern Europe, Eastern Europe
- Home To: Spain
- Home To: Russia
- Home To: United Kingdom
- Home To: Italy
- Home To: North Sea
- Home To: Greece
View the Source National Geographic Atlas of the World
National Geographic Society, 2019World continents area table
The World Factbook
Mont Blanc (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia Foundationopening paragraph, alternative highest-point answer
the highest mountain in Europe outside the Caucasus Mountains
Home To: Mont Blanc, Lead section
Mont Blanc is a mountain in the Alps, rising 4,807.3 m above sea level, located right at the Franco-Italian border. It is the highest mountain in the Alps and in Western Europe, and the tenth-most prominent mountain in the world.
View the Source Wikidata: Europe
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationHome To: The Atlantic OceanView the Source Wadden Sea Quality Status Report
Common Wadden Sea Secretariat, Trilateral Wadden Sea Cooperation (Denmark, Germany, Netherlands)Home To: Wadden SeaView the Source Wikipedia: Lausanne
Wikipedia: Zurich
Regions of Europe (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationAssociated With: Northern Europe, Subregions section
Some typical geographical subregions of Europe include: Central and Eastern Europe, Northern Europe, Southern Europe, and Western Europe.
Associated With: Southern Europe, Subregions section
Some typical geographical subregions of Europe include: Central and Eastern Europe, Northern Europe, Southern Europe, and Western Europe.
Associated With: Western Europe, Subregions section
Some typical geographical subregions of Europe include: Central and Eastern Europe, Northern Europe, Southern Europe, and Western Europe.
Associated With: Central Europe, Subregions section
Some typical geographical subregions of Europe include: Central and Eastern Europe, Northern Europe, Southern Europe, and Western Europe.
Associated With: Eastern Europe, Subregions section
Some typical geographical subregions of Europe include: Central and Eastern Europe, Northern Europe, Southern Europe, and Western Europe.
View the Source Paris (Wikipedia)
River Thames (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationHome To: River Thames, Lead section, opening description of the river's course
is a river that flows through southern England including London
Home To: River Thames, Infobox, Country field
England
View the Source Lake Geneva (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationHome To: Lake Geneva, Lead section, opening sentence
is a deep lake on the north side of the Alps, shared between Switzerland and France
Home To: Lake Geneva, Infobox, Location field
Switzerland, France
View the Source Matterhorn (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationHome To: Matterhorn, Lead sectionQuote, Home To: Matterhorn, Lead section
The Matterhorn is a mountain of the Alps, straddling the main watershed and border between Switzerland and Italy. It is a large, near-symmetric pyramidal peak in the extended Monte Rosa area of the Pennine Alps, whose summit is 4,478 metres (14,692 ft) above sea level, making it one of the highest summits in the Alps and Europe. Sometimes referred to as the "Mountain of Mountains", the Matterhorn has become an indelible emblem of Switzerland and of the Alps as a whole. It has also been described as the most beautiful mountain in the world and has been claimed to be the most photographed mountain in the world.
View the Source Cliffs of Moher (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationHome To: Cliffs of Moher, Lead sectionQuote, Home To: Cliffs of Moher, Lead section
sea cliffs located at the southwestern edge of the Burren region in County Clare, Ireland.
View the Source Giant's Causeway (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationHome To: Giant's Causeway, Lead sectionQuote, Home To: Giant's Causeway, Lead section
It is located in County Antrim on the north coast of Northern Ireland.
View the Source Meteora (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationHome To: Meteora, Lead sectionQuote, Home To: Meteora, Lead section
Meteora is a rock formation in the regional unit of Trikala, in Thessaly, in northwestern Greece.
View the Source Rhine (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationHome To: Rhine River, Lead sectionQuote, Home To: Rhine River, Lead section
The river begins in the Swiss canton of Graubünden in the southeastern Swiss Alps.
View the Source Volga (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationHome To: Volga River, Lead sectionQuote, Home To: Volga River, Lead section
Situated in Russia, it flows through Central Russia to Southern Russia and into the Caspian Sea.
View the Source Elbe (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationHome To: Elbe River, Lead sectionQuote, Home To: Elbe River, Lead section
It rises in the Giant Mountains of the northern Czech Republic before traversing much of Bohemia (western half of the Czech Republic), then Germany before flowing into the North Sea
View the Source Adriatic Sea (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationHome To: Adriatic Sea, Lead sectionQuote, Home To: Adriatic Sea, Lead section
The countries with coasts on the Adriatic are Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Italy, Montenegro, and Slovenia.
View the Source Black Sea (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationHome To: Black Sea, Lead sectionQuote, Home To: Black Sea, Lead section
The Black Sea is a marginal sea located between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia.
View the Source Baltic Sea (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationHome To: Baltic Sea, Lead sectionQuote, Home To: Baltic Sea, Lead section
enclosed by the countries of Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Sweden.
View the Source Samara, Russia (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationHome To: Samara, Russia, Lead section, first paragraphQuote, Home To: Samara, Russia, Lead section, first paragraph
is the largest city and the administrative centre of Samara Oblast in Russia
View the Source Wikidata: Liège
Wikidata: Iisalmi
Wikidata: Wrexham
Wikidata: Riihimäki
Wikidata: Mladá Boleslav
Wikidata: Newcastle upon Tyne
Wikidata: Croatia
- Home To: Plitvice Lakes National Park, Wikidata item for Croatia, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Paklenica National Park, Wikidata item for Croatia, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Risnjak National Park, Wikidata item for Croatia, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Kornati National Park, Wikidata item for Croatia, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Brijuni National Park, Wikidata item for Croatia, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Krka National Park, Wikidata item for Croatia, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Northern Velebit National Park, Wikidata item for Croatia, property P30 (continent)
View the SourceWikidata: Russia
- Home To: Kronotsky Nature Reserve, Wikidata item for Russia, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Sikhote-Alin Nature Reserve, Wikidata item for Russia, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Astrakhan Nature Reserve, Wikidata item for Russia, property P30 (continent)
View the SourceWikidata: United Kingdom
- Home To: Lake District National Park, Wikidata item for United Kingdom, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Snowdonia National Park, Wikidata item for United Kingdom, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Peak District National Park, Wikidata item for United Kingdom, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Cairngorms National Park, Wikidata item for United Kingdom, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: New Forest National Park, Wikidata item for United Kingdom, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Brecon Beacons National Park, Wikidata item for United Kingdom, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Dartmoor National Park, Wikidata item for United Kingdom, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: The Broads, Wikidata item for United Kingdom, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Northumberland National Park, Wikidata item for United Kingdom, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Exmoor National Park, Wikidata item for United Kingdom, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: South Downs National Park, Wikidata item for United Kingdom, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Yorkshire Dales National Park, Wikidata item for United Kingdom, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Pembrokeshire Coast National Park, Wikidata item for United Kingdom, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: North York Moors National Park, Wikidata item for United Kingdom, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: George Town, Cayman Islands, Wikidata item for United Kingdom, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Road Town, Wikidata item for United Kingdom, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: The Valley, Wikidata item for United Kingdom, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Cockburn Town, Wikidata item for United Kingdom, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Plymouth, Montserrat, Wikidata item for United Kingdom, property P30 (continent)
View the SourceWikidata: Bulgaria
- Home To: Srebarna Nature Reserve, Wikidata item for Bulgaria, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Rila National Park, Wikidata item for Bulgaria, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Central Balkan National Park, Wikidata item for Bulgaria, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Pirin National Park, Wikidata item for Bulgaria, property P30 (continent)
View the SourceWikidata: Slovenia
Home To: Triglav National Park, Wikidata item for Slovenia, property P30 (continent)View the Source Wikidata: Spain
- Home To: Ordesa y Monte Perdido National Park, Wikidata item for Spain, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Playa de Gulpiyuri, Wikidata item for Spain, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Picos de Europa National Park, Wikidata item for Spain, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Caldera de Taburiente National Park, Wikidata item for Spain, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Teide National Park, Wikidata item for Spain, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Aigüestortes i Estany de Sant Maurici National Park, Wikidata item for Spain, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Timanfaya National Park, Wikidata item for Spain, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Tablas de Daimiel National Park, Wikidata item for Spain, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Garajonay National Park, Wikidata item for Spain, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Cabañeros National Park, Wikidata item for Spain, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Atlantic Islands of Galicia National Park, Wikidata item for Spain, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Monfragüe National Park, Wikidata item for Spain, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Sierra de las Nieves National Park, Wikidata item for Spain, property P30 (continent)
View the SourceWikidata: Italy
- Home To: Gran Paradiso National Park, Wikidata item for Italy, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Abruzzo, Lazio and Molise National Park, Wikidata item for Italy, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Circeo National Park, Wikidata item for Italy, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Stelvio National Park, Wikidata item for Italy, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Aspromonte National Park, Wikidata item for Italy, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Dolomiti Bellunesi National Park, Wikidata item for Italy, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Pollino National Park, Wikidata item for Italy, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Asinara National Park, Wikidata item for Italy, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Cilento, Vallo di Diano and Alburni National Park, Wikidata item for Italy, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Cinque Terre National Park, Wikidata item for Italy, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Gargano National Park, Wikidata item for Italy, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Gennargentu National Park, Wikidata item for Italy, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Maiella National Park, Wikidata item for Italy, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Sibillini Mountains National Park, Wikidata item for Italy, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Val Grande National Park, Wikidata item for Italy, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Vesuvius National Park, Wikidata item for Italy, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Alta Murgia National Park, Wikidata item for Italy, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Appennino Tosco-Emiliano National Park, Wikidata item for Italy, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Sila National Park, Wikidata item for Italy, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Pantelleria National Park, Wikidata item for Italy, property P30 (continent)
View the SourceWikidata: Norway
- Home To: Jotunheimen National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Rondane National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Ytre Hvaler National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Femundsmarka National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Rago National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Forlandet National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Hardangervidda National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Reisa National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Jostedalsbreen National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Dovre National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Junkerdal National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Lierne National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Skarvan and Roltdalen National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Folgefonna National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Indre Wijdefjorden National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Hallingskarvet National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Sjunkhatten National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Langsua National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Rohkunborri National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Fulufjellet National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Lahko National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Jomfruland National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Raet National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Lofotodden National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Breheimen National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Forollhogna National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Gutulia National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Reinheimen National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Seiland National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Stabbursdalen National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Nordre Isfjorden National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Nordvest-Spitsbergen National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Van Mijenfjorden National Park, Wikidata item for Norway, property P30 (continent)
View the SourceWikidata: Iceland
- Home To: Thingvellir National Park, Wikidata item for Iceland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Snæfellsjökull National Park, Wikidata item for Iceland, property P30 (continent)
View the SourceWikidata: Poland
- Home To: Bialowieza Forest, Wikidata item for Poland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Babia Gora National Park, Wikidata item for Poland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Biebrza National Park, Wikidata item for Poland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Bieszczady National Park, Wikidata item for Poland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Drawa National Park, Wikidata item for Poland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Gorce National Park, Wikidata item for Poland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Kampinos National Park, Wikidata item for Poland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Magura National Park, Wikidata item for Poland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Narew National Park, Wikidata item for Poland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Ojcow National Park, Wikidata item for Poland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Roztocze National Park, Wikidata item for Poland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Wielkopolska National Park, Wikidata item for Poland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Wigry National Park, Wikidata item for Poland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Wolin National Park, Wikidata item for Poland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Polesie National Park, Wikidata item for Poland, property P30 (continent)
View the SourceWikidata: Slovakia
- Home To: Slovak Karst National Park, Wikidata item for Slovakia, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Low Tatras National Park, Wikidata item for Slovakia, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Slovak Paradise National Park, Wikidata item for Slovakia, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Poloniny National Park, Wikidata item for Slovakia, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Muranska planina National Park, Wikidata item for Slovakia, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Poloniny Dark-Sky Park, Wikidata item for Slovakia, property P30 (continent)
View the SourceWikidata: Ukraine
Home To: East Carpathian Biosphere Reserve, Wikidata item for Ukraine, property P30 (continent)View the Source Wikidata: Belgium
Home To: Zwin, Wikidata item for Belgium, property P30 (continent)View the Source Wikidata: Greece
- Home To: Alonnisos Marine Park, Wikidata item for Greece, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Ainos National Park, Wikidata item for Greece, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Oiti National Park, Wikidata item for Greece, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Parnassos National Park, Wikidata item for Greece, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Parnitha National Park, Wikidata item for Greece, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Sounio National Park, Wikidata item for Greece, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: National Marine Park of Zakynthos, Wikidata item for Greece, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Amvrakikos Wetlands National Park, Wikidata item for Greece, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Axios-Loudias-Aliakmonas Delta National Park, Wikidata item for Greece, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Chelmos-Vouraikos National Park, Wikidata item for Greece, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Dadia-Lefkimi-Soufli Forest National Park, Wikidata item for Greece, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Evros Delta National Park, Wikidata item for Greece, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Lake Kerkini National Park, Wikidata item for Greece, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Koronia-Volvi Lakes National Park, Wikidata item for Greece, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Kotychi-Strofylia Wetlands National Park, Wikidata item for Greece, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: North Pindos National Park, Wikidata item for Greece, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Rodopi Mountain Range National Park, Wikidata item for Greece, property P30 (continent)
View the SourceWikidata: Ireland
- Home To: Killarney National Park, Wikidata item for Ireland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Connemara National Park, Wikidata item for Ireland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Glenveagh National Park, Wikidata item for Ireland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Burren National Park, Wikidata item for Ireland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Wicklow Mountains National Park, Wikidata item for Ireland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Wild Nephin National Park, Wikidata item for Ireland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Brú na Bóinne National Park, Wikidata item for Ireland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Páirc Náisiúnta na Mara, Wikidata item for Ireland, property P30 (continent)
View the SourceWikidata: Estonia
- Home To: Lahemaa National Park, Wikidata item for Estonia, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Soomaa National Park, Wikidata item for Estonia, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Karula National Park, Wikidata item for Estonia, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Matsalu National Park, Wikidata item for Estonia, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Vilsandi National Park, Wikidata item for Estonia, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Alutaguse National Park, Wikidata item for Estonia, property P30 (continent)
View the SourceWikidata: Latvia
- Home To: Gauja National Park, Wikidata item for Latvia, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Ķemeri National Park, Wikidata item for Latvia, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Slītere National Park, Wikidata item for Latvia, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Rāzna National Park, Wikidata item for Latvia, property P30 (continent)
View the SourceWikidata: Lithuania
- Home To: Aukštaitija National Park, Wikidata item for Lithuania, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Dzūkija National Park, Wikidata item for Lithuania, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Žemaitija National Park, Wikidata item for Lithuania, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Curonian Spit National Park, Wikidata item for Lithuania, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Trakai Historical National Park, Wikidata item for Lithuania, property P30 (continent)
View the SourceWikidata: Czechia
- Home To: Podyji National Park, Wikidata item for Czech Republic, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Bohemian Switzerland National Park, Wikidata item for Czech Republic, property P30 (continent)
View the SourceWikidata: Finland
- Home To: Archipelago National Park, Wikidata item for Finland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Bothnian Bay National Park, Wikidata item for Finland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Bothnian Sea National Park, Wikidata item for Finland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Eastern Gulf of Finland National Park, Wikidata item for Finland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Hiidenportti National Park, Wikidata item for Finland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Hossa National Park, Wikidata item for Finland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Koli National Park, Wikidata item for Finland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Kolovesi National Park, Wikidata item for Finland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Kurjenrahka National Park, Wikidata item for Finland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Lauhanvuori National Park, Wikidata item for Finland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Lemmenjoki National Park, Wikidata item for Finland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Linnansaari National Park, Wikidata item for Finland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Nuuksio National Park, Wikidata item for Finland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Oulanka National Park, Wikidata item for Finland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Patvinsuo National Park, Wikidata item for Finland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Pyhä-Häkki National Park, Wikidata item for Finland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Pyhä-Luosto National Park, Wikidata item for Finland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Repovesi National Park, Wikidata item for Finland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Riisitunturi National Park, Wikidata item for Finland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Rokua National Park, Wikidata item for Finland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Salamajärvi National Park, Wikidata item for Finland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Seitseminen National Park, Wikidata item for Finland, property P30 (continent)
- Home To: Torronsuo National Park, Wikidata item for Finland, property P30 (continent)
View the SourceWikidata: Switzerland
Home To: Entlebuch Biosphere, Wikidata item for Switzerland, property P30 (continent)View the Source Open Questions (1 open question)
Where does Europe end and Asia begin?
Europe and Asia form one continuous landmass, Eurasia, with no continuous physical barrier separating them. The conventional line runs along the Ural Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian Sea, the Greater Caucasus, the Black Sea and the Turkish straits, but this is a human convention rather than a physical fact, and the modern division reflects East-West cultural, linguistic and ethnic differences that vary on a spectrum rather than falling at a sharp line.
What would resolve this Nothing in physical geography can resolve this, since the boundary is conventional by construction; what would change the answer is a shift in which convention geographers, national governments and international bodies choose to follow, which has already moved more than once historically.
Europe (Wikipedia)
Dissenting Readings (2 dissenting readings)
In Category: Continents
The same Eurasia argument carried on Asia own in-category edge applies here in reverse: Europe is the western peninsula of one continuous Eurasian landmass, not a landmass bounded by ocean on every side the way Africa, Australia or the Americas are. Six-continent models taught across Russia, much of Eastern Europe and Japan combine Europe and Asia into a single continent for exactly this reason.
A dissenting reading, from Geography curricula of Russia, Eastern Europe, Japan and other six-continent-model traditionsEncyclopaedia Britannica, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.
Highest Point
Mount Elbrus (5,642 m) is the standard answer only under the convention that draws the Europe/Asia boundary along the Caucasus watershed, which places Elbrus on the European side. Sources that instead treat the whole Caucasus range as outside Europe, or draw the boundary further north, name Mont Blanc, on the France-Italy border in the Alps, as Europe's highest point instead; this entity's own cited source gives Mont Blanc as 4,810 m, close to but not identical with the 4,807 m this entity's primary fact carries, the two figures reflecting different survey vintages of the same peak rather than a disagreement about which peak is meant. Both Elbrus and Mont Blanc are real, sourced answers under different, genuinely used conventions, not an error in either source; this entity's own primary fact records Elbrus as the modal answer, matching the more common convention.
A dissenting reading, from a reviewerExtreme Points of Europe (Wikipedia), Wikimedia Foundation
Frequently Asked Questions
Where is the boundary between Europe and Asia?
By convention, along the Ural Mountains and the Caucasus, not by any single physical divide.
There is no single physical barrier separating the two. By long-standing convention, the line runs along the Ural Mountains and the Ural River, then across the Caspian Sea and the Caucasus region, to the Black Sea. The boundary is a cartographic and cultural convention rather than a geological one, since Europe and Asia sit on the same landmass, Eurasia.
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