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Mongolia

Eastern Asia

Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, east and west. Its terrain ranges from the Gobi Desert in the south to cold, mountainous regions in the north and west, part of the wider Mongolian Plateau. Genghis Khan founded the Mongol Empire here in 1206, which became the largest contiguous land empire in world history; the country later declared autonomy from the collapsing Qing dynasty in 1911, achieved full independence from China in 1921, and became the Mongolian People's Republic in 1924.

Facts
Capital
Ulaanbaatar 2
Population
3,591,120 2
Population Estimate Year
2025 2
Area (sq km)
1,564,116 2
Independence or Founding Year
1921 2
Mongolia declared autonomy from the Qing dynasty on 29 December 1911, but remained under nominal Chinese suzerainty; actual separation from China was achieved in 1921, and the Mongolian People's Republic was proclaimed in 1924. 1921 is recorded here as the year genuine independence took effect.
Landlocked
Yes 3
Income Group
Upper-Middle 4
Government Type
Republic 3
Classification
Sovereignty Status
UN Member State 1
Mongolia

Cities

FAQs

Do people in Mongolia still live in yurts and herd on horseback?

Yes, much of the country is still a land of gers and nomadic herders.

Many do. National Geographic describes Mongolia as mostly a land of yurts, known as gers, and nomadic herders who travel on horseback across the largest unfenced grasslands in the world.

Is Mongolia crowded?

No, its population density is about 2 people per square kilometer.

No. Mongolia has about 3.6 million people (2025 estimate) spread over 1,564,116 square kilometers, and Worldometers puts its population density at 2 people per square kilometer.
Connections

Associated With

East Asia, Regions
Source Gobi Gurvansaikhan National Park (Wikipedia)
Ulaanbaatar, Cities

Ulaanbaatar is Mongolia's capital.

Source Ulaanbaatar (Wikipedia)

Borders

China, Countries
Source CIA World Factbook (factbook.json archive): The World Factbook archive: Mongolia
Russia, Countries
Source CIA World Factbook (factbook.json archive): The World Factbook archive: Mongolia

Has Capital

Ulaanbaatar, Cities

Ulaanbaatar is Mongolia's capital.

Source Ulaanbaatar (Wikipedia)

Rivers Through Territory

The Yenisei rises in Mungaragiyn-gol in Mongolia.

Source Yenisei River (Wikipedia)
In the Other Atlases

Same As

Also in Divinity Atlas: the same subject.

Nationals Include

Also in Earth and Environment Atlas: a national of this subject.

Source Sanjaasurengiin Oyun (Wikipedia)

Also in Law Atlas: a national of this subject.

Source Wikidata: Dulamyn Puntsag

Also in Law Atlas: a national of this subject.

Also in Political Atlas: a national of this subject.

Source Nyam-Osoryn Uchral (Wikipedia)Lead
Quote, Lead
Nyam-Osoryn Uchral (born 2 January 1987) is a Mongolian politician, businessman and former hip-hop artist who has been the Prime Minister of Mongolia since 30 March 2026 and the Chairman of the Mongolian People's Party since 15 November 2025.

Also in Political Atlas: a national of this subject.

Source Öljei Temür Khan (Wikipedia)Lead, country
Quote, Lead, country
was a khagan of the Northern Yuan dynasty

Also in Space and Astronomy Atlas: a national of this subject.

Source Jügderdemidiin Gürragchaa (Orbit Codex)Profile lead paragraph
Quote, Profile lead paragraph
Jügderdemidiin Gürragchaa (born 5 December 1947 in Gurvanbulag, Bulgan, Mongolia) is a retired Mongolian cosmonaut with ROSCOSMOS, selected in 1978 as part of Intercosmos Group.

Also in Sport and Games Atlas: a national of this subject.

Source Saeid Mollaei (Wikipedia)Lead, nationality
Quote, Lead, nationality
is an Iranian-born Mongolian half-middleweight judoka

Also in Sport and Games Atlas: a national of this subject.

Source Uyanga Bataa (Wikipedia)Lead
Quote, Lead
is a professional female bodybuilder from Mongolia

Origin Of

Also in Architecture and Design Atlas: which originated in this subject.

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Also in Food and Drink Atlas: which originated in this subject.

Source Boortsog (Wikipedia)tier 3

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Source Mongolian Cuisine (Wikipedia)tier 3

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Source Tsampa (Wikipedia)tier 3

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Source Wikidata: Börte

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Source Wikidata: Genghis Khan

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Source Wikidata: Subutai

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Source Wikipedia: Sky Burialopening linestier 3
Quote, opening lines
Sky burials are endemic to Tibet, Qinghai, Sichuan, and Inner Mongolia, as well as in Mongolia, Nepal, Bhutan, and parts of India such as Sikkim

Location Of

Also in War and Military Atlas: which took place in this subject.

Source Wikipedia: Transition from Ming to QingInfobox: locationtier 4
Quote, Infobox: location
Modern-day Mainland China, Korea, Mongolia, Taiwan and parts of Russia, Central Asia and Southeast Asia

Site Of

Also in Architecture and Design Atlas: which is located in this subject.

Source Winter Palace of the Bogd Khan, Wikipedia

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Source Inscription of Yanran (Wikipedia)

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Also in Economics Atlas: which is located in this subject.

Also in Economics Atlas: which is located in this subject.

Found There

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Animal Diversity Web: Equus hemionus (Onager)Geographic Range, where it lives
Quote, Geographic Range, where it lives
Currently, at least one subspecies has been found in Russia, China, Iran, and India. However, the major population (over half the total number) of E. hemionus is found in southern Mongolia.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Pallas's sandgrouse (Wikipedia)Distribution and habitat, Mongolia
Quote, Distribution and habitat, Mongolia
It is a partial migrant, especially from the northern parts of its range in Kazakhstan and Mongolia, but the extent and distance of the southerly winter movement depends on the amount of snowfall.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

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Source Siberian chipmunk (Wikipedia)Distribution, where it lives (2)
Quote, Distribution, where it lives (2)
extreme eastern Kazakhstan, northern Mongolia, northern and central China, Korea

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Siberian roe deer (Wikipedia)Lead, range (mongolia)
Quote, Lead, range (mongolia)
In addition to Siberia and Mongolia, it is found in Kazakhstan, the Tian Shan Mountains of Kyrgyzstan, eastern Tibet, the Korean Peninsula and forested regions of northern China.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Striped field mouse (Wikipedia)Distribution and habitat, second range
Quote, Distribution and habitat, second range
The second includes parts of the Russian Far East and from there reaches from Mongolia to Japan.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Tamarisk jird (Wikipedia)Lead
Quote, Lead
It is found in China, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Tarbagan marmot (Wikipedia)Lead
Quote, Lead
It is found in China (Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang), northern and western Mongolia, and Russia (southwest Siberia, Tuva, Transbaikalia).

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Tolai hare (Wikipedia)Lead
Quote, Lead
including much of Mongolia, eastern Iran, Afghanistan, southern Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and North and Central China

Also in Nature Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Ural field mouse (Wikipedia)Lead, countries
Quote, Lead, countries
It is found in Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bulgaria, China, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Georgia, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Mongolia, Montenegro, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Slovakia, Turkey and Ukraine.

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Source Yak (Wikipedia)Lead
Quote, Lead
The yak (Bos grunniens) is a species of long-haired domesticated Asian cattle found throughout the Himalayan region, the Tibetan Plateau, Tajikistan, the Pamir Mountains, and as far north as Mongolia and Siberia.

Also in Sport and Games Atlas: found in this subject.

Also in Sport and Games Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Shagai (Wikipedia)Games section [origin-region]
Quote, Games section [origin-region]
A large variety of traditional Mongolian games are played using the shagai pieces.

Also in Sport and Games Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Shatar (source article)Lead
Quote, Lead
are two chess variants played in Mongolia

Also in War and Military Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Wikipedia: Genghis KhanLead paragraph of the cited Wikipedia articletier 4
Quote, Lead paragraph of the cited Wikipedia article
During the Mongol invasions and conquests, which began under Genghis Khan in 1206–1207, the Mongol army conquered most of continental Asia, including parts of West Asia, and parts of Eastern Europe, with further (albeit eventually unsuccessful) military expeditions to various other regions including Japan, Indonesia and India.

Also in War and Military Atlas: found in this subject.

Source Mongolian People's Army (Wikipedia)Lead
Quote, Lead
constituting as the armed forces of the Mongolian People's Republic

Also in War and Military Atlas: found in this subject.

Showing 101 to 144 of 144 in Found There, page 3 of 3.

Sources
1. Member States of the United Nations (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationIntroduction
Quote, Introduction
The United Nations comprise 193 sovereign states and the world's largest intergovernmental organization.
View the Source
2. Mongolia (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia Foundation
  • Lead section
    the largest contiguous land empire in world history
  • Infobox, Capital
    Ulaanbaatar
  • Infobox, Population
    2025 estimate: 3,591,120
  • Lead section
    It is bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south and covers an area of 1,564,116 square kilometers (603,909 square miles), making it the 18th-largest country in the world and the second largest landlocked nation after Kazakhstan, as well as the largest landlocked country that does not border an inland sea.
View the Source
3. CIA World Factbook (factbook.json archive): The World Factbook archive: Mongolia
CIA World Factbook (factbook.json archive)
  • Geography, Coastline
    0 km (landlocked)
  • Government, Government type
    semi-presidential republic
  • Borders: China, Geography, Land boundaries, border countries
    China 4,630 km
  • Borders: Russia, Geography, Land boundaries, border countries
    Russia 3,452 km
View the Source
4. World Bank Open Data: World Bank Open Data, country list with income level
World Bank Open DataCountry record MNG, incomeLevel
Quote, Country record MNG, incomeLevel
"name": "Mongolia", "region": { "id": "EAS", "iso2code": "Z4", "value": "East Asia \u0026 Pacific" }, "adminregion": { "id": "EAP", "iso2code": "4E", "value": "East Asia \u0026 Pacific (excluding high income)" }, "incomeLevel": { "id": "UMC", "iso2code": "XT", "value": "Upper middle income" }
View the Source
Wikidata: Mongolia
Wikidata Q711, class allow-list match (w-wdresolver-0926)View the Source
Ulaanbaatar (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia Foundation
  • Associated With: Ulaanbaatar, Lead section
  • Has Capital: Ulaanbaatar, Lead section, capital fact
    Ulaanbaatar is the capital and largest city of Mongolia.
View the Source
Yenisei River (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationRivers Through Territory: Yenisei River, Lead section
Quote, Rivers Through Territory: Yenisei River, Lead section
Beginning in Mungaragiyn-gol in Mongolia, it follows a northerly course through the Krasnoyarsk Dam before draining into the Yenisei Gulf in the Kara Sea.
View the Source
Wikidata: Gobi Gurvansaikhan National Park
Encompasses: Gobi Gurvansaikhan National Park, Wikidata item, property P17 (country)View the Source
List of cities in Mongolia (Wikipedia)
  • Encompasses: Nalaikh, Lead
    This list includes cities in Mongolia of more than 7,500 inhabitants.
  • Encompasses: Baganuur, Lead
    This list includes cities in Mongolia of more than 7,500 inhabitants.
  • Encompasses: Züünkharaa, Lead
    This list includes cities in Mongolia of more than 7,500 inhabitants.
  • Encompasses: Zamyn-Üüd, Lead
    This list includes cities in Mongolia of more than 7,500 inhabitants.
  • Encompasses: Kharkhorin, Lead
    This list includes cities in Mongolia of more than 7,500 inhabitants.
  • Encompasses: Bor-Öndör, Lead
    This list includes cities in Mongolia of more than 7,500 inhabitants.
  • Encompasses: Sharyngol, Lead
    This list includes cities in Mongolia of more than 7,500 inhabitants.
  • Encompasses: Tosontsengel, Lead
    This list includes cities in Mongolia of more than 7,500 inhabitants.
View the Source
Bagakhangai (Wikipedia)
Encompasses: Bagakhangai, Lead section
Quote, Encompasses: Bagakhangai, Lead section
is one of nine düüregs (districts) of the Mongolian capital of Ulaanbaatar
View the Source

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